Manganese
Introduction
Manganese oxide is a magnetic material that can be used as MRI contrast agent. They have a positive T1 contrast ability, intracellular uptake and accumulation, can be labeled efficiently and have safe clearance with minimal side effects. The reference article showed these properties with nanoparticles with a diameter of 25 nm.
Basic data
| Name | Manganese (Mn) |
|---|---|
| Configuration | 4s2 3d5 |
| Electrons | 25 |
| Group | 7 |
| Abundance | 0.04% |
| Magnetic type | paramagnetic |
| Melting point | 1246 ℃ |
| Boiling point | 2061 ℃ |
Interesting reads
- Synthesis and magnetic characterization of MnAs nanoparticles via nanoparticle conversion synthesis doi:10.1088/0957-4484/22/5/055602
- Development of a T<sub>1</sub> Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using MnO Nanoparticles functionality doi:10.1002/ange.200604775
Key trends at the nanoscale
Applications
The pie chart presented here is based on the distribution of research literature across various fields of application research over the period 1992 to 2017. The value listed is the number of papers discussing Manganese related to nanoparticles, sorted by application field. This gives an indication which applications are being or have been researched and where the core interest is. However, the distribution does not correct for the total publications in a given application field. So, a high score for a given application field indicates there is considerable interest in the element in that field, but it may also mean the field itself has considerable more publications than other fields. Therefore, the pie chart gives a general overview only. The application fields themselves are discussed in more detail on our Nanoparticles page.
Additionally, the total number of publications provides some insight in the amount of research into Manganese used in nanoparticles in general. Typically, a well-researched element will show 1000 or more publications over the 1992-2017 period.
Alloys and composites
The graph below presents an analysis of literature on core-shell, alloy and composite particles with manganese as a component of such nanoparticles. It shows possible combinations for alloy or composite nanoparticles and reflects research interest during the 1992-2017 period.